从零开始：RK3588 平台上 OpenCV 4.12.0 编译全流程详解-天煜博客

OpenCV介绍

OpenCV（Open Source Computer Vision Library） 是全球规模最大的计算机视觉库，自 2000 年 6 月起正式推出并持续迭代。作为开源项目，它由非营利性组织 开源视觉基金会（Open Source Vision Foundation） 维护运营，凭借免费开放的特性与强大的技术能力，成为计算机视觉领域的行业标杆。

该库涵盖超过 2500 种算法，全面覆盖图像识别、特征检测、目标跟踪、视频分析、机器学习、三维重建等核心场景，广泛应用于机器人、自动驾驶、医疗影像、安防监控、智能终端等众多领域。其跨平台特性支持 Windows、Linux、macOS、Android、iOS 等主流操作系统，且提供 C++、Python、Java 等多语言接口，满足不同开发者的技术需求。

官网地址：https://opencv.org/

下载最新代码

然后会跳转到下方的页面，能够看到各个发布版本和发布时间等信息：

在 OpenCV 的版本发布列表中，带红色星号的版本（如 OpenCV 4.12.0、4.11.0、4.10.0）通常表示该版本是当前推荐的稳定版本或最新发布的主要版本，用于突出显示，方便开发者快速识别优先选择的版本。

每个版本下都提供了多种资源入口，包括：

Sources：源码获取入口；
GitHub：指向该版本在 GitHub 的代码仓库；
Get Started：新手入门引导；
Docs：官方文档；
Release Notes：版本发布说明（包含新特性、改进、修复等信息）；
Windows：Windows 系统的安装包；
Android：Android 平台的资源；
iOS pack：iOS 平台的资源包；
Java Docs：Java 语言相关的文档。

这些资源入口方便开发者根据自己的需求（如开发平台、使用语言等）获取对应的 OpenCV 版本和支持文档，体现了 OpenCV 在开源生态中对多平台、多语言的广泛支持。

这里我选择最新稳定版本4.12.0的代码进行下载，直接点击 OpenCV 4.12.0模块下方的Sources即可下载，如果下载过慢可以试试科学上网。

下载好的压缩包信息：

然后使用SSH工具将opencv-4.12.0.zip上传到RK3588的开发板上合适的目录：

也可以直接使用git命令下载代码：

git clone --branch 4.12.0 https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
cd opencv-4.12.0
mkdir build && cd build

编译代码

我的编译根目录为： /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile

解压压缩包

# 进入编译根目录
cd /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile
# 解压压缩包
unzip opencv-4.12.0.zip
# 等待解压完成 会出现opencv-4.12.0目录 该目录下就是完整的代码了

在 OpenCV 4.12.0 的源码目录中，各文件夹和文件的作用如下：

3rdparty存放第三方依赖库的源码或预编译文件，例如 zlib（压缩库）、libjpeg（图像编解码）、tiff（图像格式处理）等。OpenCV 依赖这些库实现部分底层功能，避免重复开发。
apps包含 OpenCV 官方提供的一些实用工具程序，例如 opencv_annotation（标注工具）、opencv_interactive-calibration（相机标定工具）等，用于辅助开发或测试。
cmake存放 CMake 构建系统所需的配置文件（如 .cmake 脚本），用于定义编译规则、检测系统环境、配置依赖项等，是 OpenCV 跨平台编译的核心配置目录。
data包含测试、示例程序所需的素材文件，例如训练好的 Haar 级联分类器模型（用于人脸检测等）、测试图像、视频样本等。
doc存放 OpenCV 的文档源码（如 Markdown 或 HTML 原始文件），部分版本中可能包含离线文档或生成文档的脚本。
hal（Hardware Acceleration Layer，硬件加速层）用于适配不同硬件平台的加速接口，例如针对 CPU 指令集（如 NEON、SSE）或特定硬件（如 GPU）的优化实现，提升 OpenCV 运算效率。
include存放 OpenCV 的头文件（.h/.hpp），包含所有公开的 API 声明，是开发者编写代码时需要引用的核心文件目录（例如 opencv2/core.hpp 等）。
modules最核心的目录，包含 OpenCV 各功能模块的源码，例如：
- core：核心数据结构与基础算法；
- imgproc：图像处理（滤波、边缘检测等）；
- video：视频分析（目标跟踪等）；
- dnn：深度学习模块；每个子模块独立实现一类功能，是 OpenCV 算法的主要载体。
platforms针对不同操作系统或硬件平台的编译配置脚本，例如 linux、android、ios 等子目录，包含对应平台的特殊编译规则或工具链配置。
samples存放官方示例程序，涵盖 C++、Python 等语言，展示 OpenCV 各类 API 的使用方法（如图像读取、特征检测、目标识别等），适合新手学习参考。
关键文件
- CMakeLists.txt：OpenCV 顶层编译配置文件，是使用 CMake 构建项目的入口，定义了全局编译规则和模块依赖；
- LICENSE/COPYRIGHT：开源协议（OpenCV 采用 BSD 协议）和版权声明；
- README.md：项目说明文档，包含编译指南、版本信息、核心功能简介等；
- CONTRIBUTING.md：贡献指南，指导开发者如何向 OpenCV 项目提交代码；
- SECURITY.md：安全相关说明，如漏洞报告流程等。

编译前准备

# 进入opencv-4.12.0目录后创建编译目录
mkdir build && cd build

# 安装系统依赖包，确保编译环境完整：
sudo apt update
sudo apt install build-essential cmake git pkg-config libgtk-3-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev gfortran openexr libatlas-base-dev python3-dev python3-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libopenblas-dev liblapack-dev libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler libgoogle-glog-dev libgflags-dev libgphoto2-dev libeigen3-dev libhdf5-dev doxygen

CMake配置（关键参数适配 RK3588 平台）

执行 CMake 命令配置编译参数，以下为推荐配置（可根据需求调整）：

# 如果安装路径无权限可能需要加上sudo
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
    -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0-install \
    -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON \
    -D BUILD_opencv_java=OFF \
    -D BUILD_opencv_python3=ON \
    -D WITH_OPENMP=ON \
    -D WITH_GSTREAMER=ON \
    -D WITH_LIBV4L=ON \
    -D WITH_OPENGL=ON \
    -D WITH_TBB=ON \
    -D BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON \
    -D ENABLE_NEON=ON \
    -D WITH_FFMPEG=ON \
    -D WITH_JPEG=ON \
    -D WITH_PNG=ON \
    -D WITH_TIFF=ON \
    -D WITH_GTK=ON \
    -D WITH_OPENCL=ON \
    ..

# CMake配置输出日志
topeet@topeet:~/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0/build$ cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
>     -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0-install \
>     -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON \
>     -D BUILD_opencv_java=OFF \
>     -D BUILD_opencv_python3=ON \
>     -D WITH_OPENMP=ON \
>     -D WITH_GSTREAMER=ON \
>     -D WITH_LIBV4L=ON \
>     -D WITH_OPENGL=ON \
>     -D WITH_TBB=ON \
>     -D BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON \
>     -D ENABLE_NEON=ON \
>     -D WITH_FFMPEG=ON \
>     -D WITH_JPEG=ON \
>     -D WITH_PNG=ON \
>     -D WITH_TIFF=ON \
>     -D WITH_GTK=ON \
>     -D WITH_OPENCL=ON \
>     ..
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 11.4.0
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 11.4.0
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- ocv_init_download: OpenCV source tree is not fetched as git repository. 3rdparty resources will be downloaded from github.com by default.
-- Detected processor: aarch64
-- Found PythonInterp: /usr/bin/python3 (found suitable version "3.10.12", minimum required is "3.2") 
-- Found PythonLibs: /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so (found suitable exact version "3.10.12") 
-- Looking for ccache - not found
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FSIGNED_CHAR
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FSIGNED_CHAR - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FSIGNED_CHAR
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FSIGNED_CHAR - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_W
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_W - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_W
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_W - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WALL
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WALL - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WALL
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WALL - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WRETURN_TYPE
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WRETURN_TYPE - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WRETURN_TYPE
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WRETURN_TYPE - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNON_VIRTUAL_DTOR
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNON_VIRTUAL_DTOR - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNON_VIRTUAL_DTOR
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNON_VIRTUAL_DTOR - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WADDRESS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WADDRESS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WADDRESS
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WADDRESS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WSEQUENCE_POINT
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WSEQUENCE_POINT - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WSEQUENCE_POINT
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WSEQUENCE_POINT - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WFORMAT
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WFORMAT - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WFORMAT
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WFORMAT - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WFORMAT_SECURITY
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WFORMAT_SECURITY - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WFORMAT_SECURITY
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WFORMAT_SECURITY - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WMISSING_DECLARATIONS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WMISSING_DECLARATIONS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WMISSING_DECLARATIONS
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WMISSING_DECLARATIONS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WMISSING_PROTOTYPES
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WMISSING_PROTOTYPES - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WMISSING_PROTOTYPES
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WMISSING_PROTOTYPES - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WSTRICT_PROTOTYPES
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WSTRICT_PROTOTYPES - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WSTRICT_PROTOTYPES
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WSTRICT_PROTOTYPES - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WUNDEF
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WUNDEF - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WUNDEF
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WUNDEF - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WINIT_SELF
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WINIT_SELF - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WINIT_SELF
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WINIT_SELF - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WPOINTER_ARITH
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WPOINTER_ARITH - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WPOINTER_ARITH
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WPOINTER_ARITH - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WSHADOW
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WSHADOW - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WSHADOW

-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WSHADOW - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WSIGN_PROMO
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WSIGN_PROMO - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WSIGN_PROMO
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WSIGN_PROMO - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WUNINITIALIZED
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WUNINITIALIZED - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WUNINITIALIZED
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WUNINITIALIZED - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WSUGGEST_OVERRIDE
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WSUGGEST_OVERRIDE - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WSUGGEST_OVERRIDE
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WSUGGEST_OVERRIDE - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_DELETE_NON_VIRTUAL_DTOR
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_DELETE_NON_VIRTUAL_DTOR - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_DELETE_NON_VIRTUAL_DTOR
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_DELETE_NON_VIRTUAL_DTOR - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNNAMED_TYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNNAMED_TYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_UNNAMED_TYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_UNNAMED_TYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_COMMENT
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_COMMENT - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_COMMENT
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_COMMENT - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WIMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH_3
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WIMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH_3 - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WIMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH_3
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WIMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH_3 - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_STRICT_OVERFLOW
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_STRICT_OVERFLOW - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_STRICT_OVERFLOW
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_STRICT_OVERFLOW - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FDIAGNOSTICS_SHOW_OPTION
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FDIAGNOSTICS_SHOW_OPTION - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FDIAGNOSTICS_SHOW_OPTION
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FDIAGNOSTICS_SHOW_OPTION - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_PTHREAD
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_PTHREAD - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_PTHREAD
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_PTHREAD - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FOMIT_FRAME_POINTER
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FOMIT_FRAME_POINTER - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FOMIT_FRAME_POINTER
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FOMIT_FRAME_POINTER - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FFUNCTION_SECTIONS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FFUNCTION_SECTIONS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FFUNCTION_SECTIONS
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FFUNCTION_SECTIONS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FDATA_SECTIONS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FDATA_SECTIONS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FDATA_SECTIONS
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FDATA_SECTIONS - Success
-- WARNING: Option ENABLE_NEON='ON' is deprecated and should not be used anymore
--          Behaviour of this option is not backward compatible
--          Refer to 'CPU_BASELINE'/'CPU_DISPATCH' CMake options documentation
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_NEON_SUPPORT (check file: cmake/checks/cpu_neon.cpp)
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_NEON_SUPPORT - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_FP16_SUPPORT (check file: cmake/checks/cpu_fp16.cpp)
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_FP16_SUPPORT - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_NEON_DOTPROD_SUPPORT (check file: cmake/checks/cpu_neon_dotprod.cpp)
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_NEON_DOTPROD_SUPPORT - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_MARCH_ARMV8_2_A+DOTPROD (check file: cmake/checks/cpu_neon_dotprod.cpp)
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_MARCH_ARMV8_2_A+DOTPROD - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_NEON_FP16_SUPPORT (check file: cmake/checks/cpu_neon_fp16.cpp)
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_NEON_FP16_SUPPORT - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_MARCH_ARMV8_2_A+FP16 (check file: cmake/checks/cpu_neon_fp16.cpp)
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_MARCH_ARMV8_2_A+FP16 - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_NEON_BF16_SUPPORT (check file: cmake/checks/cpu_neon_bf16.cpp)
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_NEON_BF16_SUPPORT - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_MARCH_ARMV8_2_A+BF16 (check file: cmake/checks/cpu_neon_bf16.cpp)
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_MARCH_ARMV8_2_A+BF16 - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_BASELINE_FLAGS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_BASELINE_FLAGS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_DISPATCH_FLAGS_NEON_DOTPROD
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_DISPATCH_FLAGS_NEON_DOTPROD - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_DISPATCH_FLAGS_NEON_FP16
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_DISPATCH_FLAGS_NEON_FP16 - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_DISPATCH_FLAGS_NEON_BF16
-- Performing Test HAVE_CPU_DISPATCH_FLAGS_NEON_BF16 - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FVISIBILITY_HIDDEN
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FVISIBILITY_HIDDEN - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FVISIBILITY_HIDDEN
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FVISIBILITY_HIDDEN - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FVISIBILITY_INLINES_HIDDEN
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_FVISIBILITY_INLINES_HIDDEN - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FVISIBILITY_INLINES_HIDDEN
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_FVISIBILITY_INLINES_HIDDEN - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_LINK_AS_NEEDED
-- Performing Test HAVE_LINK_AS_NEEDED - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_LINK_NO_UNDEFINED
-- Performing Test HAVE_LINK_NO_UNDEFINED - Success
-- Looking for pthread.h
-- Looking for pthread.h - found
-- Looking for posix_memalign
-- Looking for posix_memalign - found
-- Looking for malloc.h
-- Looking for malloc.h - found
-- Looking for memalign
-- Looking for memalign - found
-- Looking for getauxval
-- Looking for getauxval - found
-- Looking for elf_aux_info
-- Looking for elf_aux_info - not found
-- Found OpenMP_C: -fopenmp (found version "4.5") 
-- Found OpenMP_CXX: -fopenmp (found version "4.5") 
-- Found OpenMP: TRUE (found version "4.5")  
-- Found ZLIB: /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libz.so (found suitable version "1.2.11", minimum required is "1.2.3") 
-- Could NOT find AVIF (missing: AVIF_LIBRARY AVIF_INCLUDE_DIR) 
-- Found JPEG: /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so (found version "80") 
-- Found TIFF: /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so (found version "4.3.0")  
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_UNUSED_VARIABLE
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_UNUSED_VARIABLE - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_UNUSED_FUNCTION
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_UNUSED_FUNCTION - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_SHADOW
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_SHADOW - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_MISSING_PROTOTYPES
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_MISSING_PROTOTYPES - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_MISSING_DECLARATIONS
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_MISSING_DECLARATIONS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_IMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_IMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_UNUSED_BUT_SET_VARIABLE
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_UNUSED_BUT_SET_VARIABLE - Success
-- Could NOT find OpenJPEG (minimal suitable version: 2.0, recommended version >= 2.3.1). OpenJPEG will be built from sources
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_IMPLICIT_CONST_INT_FLOAT_CONVERSION
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_IMPLICIT_CONST_INT_FLOAT_CONVERSION - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_DOCUMENTATION
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_DOCUMENTATION - Failed
-- OpenJPEG: VERSION = 2.5.3, BUILD = opencv-4.12.0-openjp2-2.5.3
-- Looking for string.h
-- Looking for string.h - found
-- Looking for memory.h
-- Looking for memory.h - found
-- Looking for stdlib.h
-- Looking for stdlib.h - found
-- Looking for stdio.h
-- Looking for stdio.h - found
-- Looking for math.h
-- Looking for math.h - found
-- Looking for float.h
-- Looking for float.h - found
-- Looking for time.h
-- Looking for time.h - found
-- Looking for stdarg.h
-- Looking for stdarg.h - found
-- Looking for ctype.h
-- Looking for ctype.h - found
-- Looking for assert.h
-- Looking for assert.h - found
-- Looking for stdint.h
-- Looking for stdint.h - found
-- Looking for inttypes.h
-- Looking for inttypes.h - found
-- Looking for strings.h
-- Looking for strings.h - found
-- Looking for sys/stat.h
-- Looking for sys/stat.h - found
-- Looking for sys/types.h
-- Looking for sys/types.h - found
-- Looking for unistd.h
-- Looking for unistd.h - found
-- Looking for include file malloc.h
-- Looking for include file malloc.h - found
-- Looking for _aligned_malloc
-- Looking for _aligned_malloc - not found
-- Looking for posix_memalign
-- Looking for posix_memalign - found
-- Looking for memalign
-- Looking for memalign - found
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_UNDEF
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_UNDEF - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_STRICT_PROTOTYPES
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_STRICT_PROTOTYPES - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_CAST_FUNCTION_TYPE
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_CAST_FUNCTION_TYPE - Success
-- OpenJPEG libraries will be built from sources: libopenjp2 (version "2.5.3")
-- Looking for semaphore.h
-- Looking for semaphore.h - found
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SHADOW
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SHADOW - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SIGN_COMPARE
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SIGN_COMPARE - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNDEF
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNDEF - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_MISSING_DECLARATIONS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_MISSING_DECLARATIONS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNINITIALIZED
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNINITIALIZED - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SWITCH
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SWITCH - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_PARENTHESES
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_PARENTHESES - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_ARRAY_BOUNDS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_ARRAY_BOUNDS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_EXTRA
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_EXTRA - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_DEPRECATED_DECLARATIONS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_DEPRECATED_DECLARATIONS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_MISLEADING_INDENTATION
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_MISLEADING_INDENTATION - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_DEPRECATED
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_DEPRECATED - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SUGGEST_OVERRIDE
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SUGGEST_OVERRIDE - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_INCONSISTENT_MISSING_OVERRIDE
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_INCONSISTENT_MISSING_OVERRIDE - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_IMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_IMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_TAUTOLOGICAL_COMPARE
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_TAUTOLOGICAL_COMPARE - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_MISSING_PROTOTYPES
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_MISSING_PROTOTYPES - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_REORDER
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_REORDER - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_RESULT
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_RESULT - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_IMPLICIT_CONST_INT_FLOAT_CONVERSION
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_IMPLICIT_CONST_INT_FLOAT_CONVERSION - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_CLASS_MEMACCESS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_CLASS_MEMACCESS - Success
-- Found OpenBLAS in the system
-- OpenBLAS_LIBRARIES=/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libopenblas.so
-- OpenBLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu
-- LAPACK(OpenBLAS): LAPACK_LIBRARIES: /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libopenblas.so
CMake Warning at cmake/OpenCVFindLAPACK.cmake:60 (message):
  LAPACK(OpenBLAS): CBLAS/LAPACK headers are not found in
  '/usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu'
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  cmake/OpenCVFindLAPACK.cmake:190 (ocv_lapack_check)
  CMakeLists.txt:817 (include)


-- Could NOT find Atlas (missing: Atlas_CLAPACK_INCLUDE_DIR Atlas_CBLAS_LIBRARY Atlas_BLAS_LIBRARY) 
-- Looking for sgemm_
-- Looking for sgemm_ - not found
-- Found Threads: TRUE  
-- Looking for sgemm_
-- Looking for sgemm_ - found
-- Found BLAS: /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libopenblas.so  
-- Looking for cheev_
-- Looking for cheev_ - found
-- Found LAPACK: /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libopenblas.so;-lm;-ldl  
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_PARAMETER
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_PARAMETER - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_LOCAL_TYPEDEFS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_LOCAL_TYPEDEFS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SIGN_PROMO
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SIGN_PROMO - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_TAUTOLOGICAL_UNDEFINED_COMPARE
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_TAUTOLOGICAL_UNDEFINED_COMPARE - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_IGNORED_QUALIFIERS
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_IGNORED_QUALIFIERS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_FUNCTION
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_FUNCTION - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_CONST_VARIABLE
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_CONST_VARIABLE - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SHORTEN_64_TO_32
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_SHORTEN_64_TO_32 - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_INVALID_OFFSETOF
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_INVALID_OFFSETOF - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_ENUM_COMPARE_SWITCH
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_ENUM_COMPARE_SWITCH - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_STRINGOP_OVERFLOW
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_STRINGOP_OVERFLOW - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_STRINGOP_OVERREAD
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_STRINGOP_OVERREAD - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_EXTRA_SEMI
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_EXTRA_SEMI - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_COMMA
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_COMMA - Failed
-- Could NOT find Java (missing: Java_JAVA_EXECUTABLE Java_JAR_EXECUTABLE Java_JAVAC_EXECUTABLE Java_JAVAH_EXECUTABLE Java_JAVADOC_EXECUTABLE) 
-- Could NOT find JNI (missing: JAVA_AWT_LIBRARY JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH2 JAVA_AWT_INCLUDE_PATH) 
-- VTK is not found. Please set -DVTK_DIR in CMake to VTK build directory, or to VTK install subdirectory with VTKConfig.cmake file
-- Looking for dlerror in dl
-- Looking for dlerror in dl - found
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_SIGN_COMPARE
-- Performing Test HAVE_C_WNO_SIGN_COMPARE - Success
-- ADE: Downloading v0.1.2e.zip from https://github.com/opencv/ade/archive/v0.1.2e.zip
-- Checking for module 'gtk+-3.0'
--   Found gtk+-3.0, version 3.24.33
-- Checking for module 'gtk+-2.0'
--   No package 'gtk+-2.0' found
-- Checking for modules 'libavcodec;libavformat;libavutil;libswscale'
--   Found libavcodec, version 58.134.100
--   Found libavformat, version 58.76.100
--   Found libavutil, version 56.70.100
--   Found libswscale, version 5.9.100
-- Checking for module 'libavresample'
--   No package 'libavresample' found

-- Checking for module 'gstreamer-base-1.0'
--   No package 'gstreamer-base-1.0' found
-- Checking for module 'gstreamer-app-1.0'
--   No package 'gstreamer-app-1.0' found
-- Checking for module 'gstreamer-riff-1.0'
--   No package 'gstreamer-riff-1.0' found
-- Checking for module 'gstreamer-pbutils-1.0'
--   No package 'gstreamer-pbutils-1.0' found
-- Checking for module 'gstreamer-video-1.0'
--   No package 'gstreamer-video-1.0' found
-- Checking for module 'gstreamer-audio-1.0'
--   No package 'gstreamer-audio-1.0' found
-- Allocator metrics storage type: 'int'
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin128.sse2.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin128.sse3.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin128.ssse3.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin128.sse4_1.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin128.sse4_2.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin128.avx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin128.avx2.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin128.avx512_skx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin256.avx2.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin256.avx512_skx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin256.lasx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/core/test/test_intrin512.avx512_skx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: modules/imgproc/src/corner.avx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: modules/imgproc/src/imgwarp.avx2.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: modules/imgproc/src/imgwarp.lasx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: modules/imgproc/src/imgwarp.sse4_1.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: modules/imgproc/src/resize.avx2.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: modules/imgproc/src/resize.lasx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: modules/imgproc/src/resize.sse4_1.cpp
-- Registering hook 'INIT_MODULE_SOURCES_opencv_dnn': /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0/modules/dnn/cmake/hooks/INIT_MODULE_SOURCES_opencv_dnn.cmake
-- opencv_dnn: filter out cuda4dnn source code
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/layers_common.avx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/layers_common.avx2.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/layers_common.avx512_skx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/layers_common.rvv.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/layers_common.lasx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/int8layers/layers_common.avx2.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/int8layers/layers_common.avx512_skx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/int8layers/layers_common.rvv.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/int8layers/layers_common.lasx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/cpu_kernels/conv_block.avx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/cpu_kernels/conv_block.avx2.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/cpu_kernels/conv_depthwise.avx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/cpu_kernels/conv_depthwise.avx2.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/cpu_kernels/conv_depthwise.rvv.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/cpu_kernels/conv_depthwise.lasx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/cpu_kernels/fast_gemm_kernels.avx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/cpu_kernels/fast_gemm_kernels.avx2.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: <BUILD>/modules/dnn/layers/cpu_kernels/fast_gemm_kernels.lasx.cpp
-- Excluding from source files list: modules/features2d/src/fast.avx2.cpp
-- imgcodecs: OpenEXR codec is disabled in runtime. Details: https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/21326
-- highgui: using builtin backend: GTK3
-- Use autogenerated whitelist /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0/build/modules/js_bindings_generator/whitelist.json
-- Found 'misc' Python modules from /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0/modules/python/package/extra_modules
-- Found 'mat_wrapper;utils' Python modules from /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0/modules/core/misc/python/package
-- Found 'gapi' Python modules from /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0/modules/gapi/misc/python/package
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_OVERLOADED_VIRTUAL
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_OVERLOADED_VIRTUAL - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_PRIVATE_FIELD
-- Performing Test HAVE_CXX_WNO_UNUSED_PRIVATE_FIELD - Failed
-- Found 'misc' Python modules from /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0/modules/python/package/extra_modules
-- Found 'mat_wrapper;utils' Python modules from /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0/modules/core/misc/python/package
-- Found 'gapi' Python modules from /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0/modules/gapi/misc/python/package
-- 
-- General configuration for OpenCV 4.12.0 =====================================
--   Version control:               unknown
-- 
--   Platform:
--     Timestamp:                   2025-10-26T07:37:11Z
--     Host:                        Linux 5.10.198 aarch64
--     CMake:                       3.22.1
--     CMake generator:             Unix Makefiles
--     CMake build tool:            /usr/bin/gmake
--     Configuration:               RELEASE
--     Algorithm Hint:              ALGO_HINT_ACCURATE
-- 
--   CPU/HW features:
--     Baseline:                    NEON FP16
--       requested:                 DETECT
--       required:                  NEON
--     Dispatched code generation:  NEON_DOTPROD NEON_FP16 NEON_BF16
--       requested:                 NEON_FP16 NEON_BF16 NEON_DOTPROD
--       NEON_DOTPROD (2 files):    + NEON_DOTPROD
--       NEON_FP16 (2 files):       + NEON_FP16
--       NEON_BF16 (0 files):       + NEON_BF16
-- 
--   C/C++:
--     Built as dynamic libs?:      YES
--     C++ standard:                11
--     C++ Compiler:                /usr/bin/c++  (ver 11.4.0)
--     C++ flags (Release):         -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Wreturn-type -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Waddress -Wsequence-point -Wformat -Wformat-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Wsuggest-override -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -fopenmp -O3 -DNDEBUG  -DNDEBUG
--     C++ flags (Debug):           -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Wreturn-type -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Waddress -Wsequence-point -Wformat -Wformat-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Wsuggest-override -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -fopenmp -g  -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
--     C Compiler:                  /usr/bin/cc
--     C flags (Release):           -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Wreturn-type -Waddress -Wsequence-point -Wformat -Wformat-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -fvisibility=hidden -fopenmp -O3 -DNDEBUG  -DNDEBUG
--     C flags (Debug):             -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Wreturn-type -Waddress -Wsequence-point -Wformat -Wformat-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections  -fvisibility=hidden -fopenmp -g  -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
--     Linker flags (Release):      -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,--no-undefined  
--     Linker flags (Debug):        -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,--no-undefined  
--     ccache:                      NO
--     Precompiled headers:         NO
--     Extra dependencies:          dl m pthread rt
--     3rdparty dependencies:
-- 
--   OpenCV modules:
--     To be built:                 calib3d core dnn features2d flann gapi highgui imgcodecs imgproc ml objdetect photo python3 stitching ts video videoio
--     Disabled:                    world
--     Disabled by dependency:      -
--     Unavailable:                 java python2
--     Applications:                tests perf_tests apps
--     Documentation:               NO
--     Non-free algorithms:         NO
-- 
--   GUI:                           GTK3
--     GTK+:                        YES (ver 3.24.33)
--     OpenGL support:              YES (/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libGL.so)
--     VTK support:                 NO
-- 
--   Media I/O: 
--     ZLib:                        /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libz.so (ver 1.2.11)
--     JPEG:                        /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so (ver 80)
--     WEBP:                        build (ver decoder: 0x0209, encoder: 0x020f, demux: 0x0107)
--     AVIF:                        NO
--     PNG:                         /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libpng.so (ver 1.6.37)
--     TIFF:                        /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so (ver 42 / 4.3.0)
--     JPEG 2000:                   build (ver 2.5.3)
--     OpenEXR:                     build (ver 2.3.0)
--     GIF:                         YES
--     HDR:                         YES
--     SUNRASTER:                   YES
--     PXM:                         YES
--     PFM:                         YES
-- 
--   Video I/O:
--     FFMPEG:                      YES
--       avcodec:                   YES (58.134.100)
--       avformat:                  YES (58.76.100)
--       avutil:                    YES (56.70.100)
--       swscale:                   YES (5.9.100)
--       avresample:                NO
--     GStreamer:                   NO
--     v4l/v4l2:                    YES (linux/videodev2.h)
-- 
--   Parallel framework:            OpenMP
-- 
--   Trace:                         YES (with Intel ITT(3.25.4))
-- 
--   Other third-party libraries:
--     Lapack:                      NO
--     Eigen:                       NO
--     Custom HAL:                  YES (carotene (ver 0.0.1))
--     Protobuf:                    build (3.19.1)
--     Flatbuffers:                 builtin/3rdparty (23.5.9)
-- 
--   OpenCL:                        YES (no extra features)
--     Include path:                /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0/3rdparty/include/opencl/1.2
--     Link libraries:              Dynamic load
-- 
--   Python 3:
--     Interpreter:                 /usr/bin/python3 (ver 3.10.12)
--     Libraries:                   /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so (ver 3.10.12)
--     Limited API:                 NO
--     numpy:                       /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.21.5)
--     install path:                lib/python3.10/dist-packages/cv2/python-3.10
-- 
--   Python (for build):            /usr/bin/python3
-- 
--   Java:                          
--     ant:                         NO
--     Java:                        NO
--     JNI:                         NO
--     Java wrappers:               NO
--     Java tests:                  NO
-- 
--   Install to:                    /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0-install
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------
-- 
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0/build

进行编译

# 编译命令
make -j16

# 安装到安装目录
make install

安装命令执行之后，会将编译好的头文件、库文件、可执行文件安装到设置的安装目录中。

OpenCV 4.12.0 编译安装后的 opencv-4.12.0-install 目录，是按 Linux 标准软件安装结构组织的，4 个核心目录分别对应可执行文件、头文件、库文件和资源文件，作用如下：

1. bin 目录：可执行工具

存放 OpenCV 官方提供的实用工具程序，用于开发测试或辅助操作，常用工具包括：

opencv_version：查看已安装的 OpenCV 版本（如 ./opencv_version 直接输出 4.12.0）；
opencv_annotation：图像标注工具（用于生成训练数据，如目标检测标注）；
opencv_interactive-calibration：相机标定工具（校准摄像头畸变参数）；
opencv_perf_*/opencv_test_*：性能测试和功能测试工具（验证编译后的模块可用性）。

这些工具可直接在终端执行，无需额外配置依赖（已关联安装目录下的库文件）。

2. include 目录：开发头文件

存放 OpenCV 所有公开 API 的头文件，是 C/C++ 开发的核心依赖目录，结构如下：

plaintext

include/
└── opencv2/
    ├── core.hpp        # 核心数据结构（矩阵、点、尺寸等）
    ├── imgproc.hpp     # 图像处理（滤波、边缘检测等）
    ├── video.hpp       # 视频分析（目标跟踪等）
    ├── highgui.hpp     # 图形界面（imshow 显示图像等）
    └── ...（其他模块头文件）

开发时需通过编译命令指定该目录为头文件搜索路径（如 g++ -I/path/to/include ...），才能正确引用 #include <opencv2/core.hpp> 等头文件。

3. lib 目录：核心库文件

存放编译生成的动态链接库（.so 文件）和静态库（.a 文件），是 OpenCV 功能实现的核心载体，也是开发和运行时的关键依赖：

动态链接库（.so 结尾，默认优先使用）：如 libopencv_core.so（核心模块）、libopencv_imgproc.so（图像处理模块），程序运行时需加载这些库；
静态库（.a 结尾，可选）：如 libopencv_core.a，编译时可直接链接到程序中，无需依赖外部 .so 文件（生成的程序体积较大）；
pkgconfig 目录：包含 opencv4.pc 文件，通过 pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv4 可快速获取编译所需的头文件路径和库文件链接参数（需配置环境变量指向该目录）。

4. share 目录：资源与文档

存放 OpenCV 的辅助资源和文档，主要包括：

OpenCV/ 子目录：包含测试图像、训练好的模型（如人脸检测的 Haar 级联分类器）、示例配置文件等；
doc/ 子目录：OpenCV 离线文档（部分版本包含 HTML 格式的 API 说明，可直接用浏览器打开）；
其他资源：如 cmake/ 目录下的配置脚本，用于支持其他项目通过 CMake 自动查找该目录下的 OpenCV 库。

使用ximgproc拓展（可选）

🧩 一、模块概述

opencv_contrib/ximgproc 是 OpenCV 官方扩展仓库 opencv_contrib 中的一个模块，全称为：

ximgproc — Extended Image Processing Module

它的定位是：

为 OpenCV 核心 imgproc 模块提供更高阶、更实用、更前沿的图像处理算法，
涵盖边缘增强、滤波、超像素、结构化森林、立体匹配等领域。

模块名中的 x 代表 “experimental/extended”。

🧠 二、主要功能类别

ximgproc 涵盖了多个图像处理领域，常用功能如下：

功能类别	代表函数/类	简介
🔹 滤波 / 边缘保留增强	`cv::ximgproc::guidedFilter`, `cv::ximgproc::anisotropicDiffusion`, `cv::ximgproc::rollingGuidanceFilter`	比传统高斯/双边滤波更保边缘，常用于图像平滑与深度图优化
🔹 WLS视差滤波	`cv::ximgproc::createDisparityWLSFilter()`	对立体匹配输出的视差图进行边缘保留平滑（非常适合 SGBM 输出）
🔹 结构化边缘检测 (Structured Edge Detection)	`cv::ximgproc::StructuredEdgeDetection`	使用随机森林模型的高质量边缘检测器（效果优于 Canny）
🔹 超像素分割 (Superpixel)	`cv::ximgproc::createSuperpixelSLIC()`, `createSuperpixelLSC()`, `createSuperpixelSEEDS()`	图像分割成“颜色连贯”的小区域（常用于目标检测预处理）
🔹 图像引导滤波 (Guided Filtering)	`cv::ximgproc::guidedFilter`	在引导图像下平滑目标图（经典论文 He et al. 2013）
🔹 边缘/轮廓增强	`cv::ximgproc::thinning`, `cv::ximgproc::GradientDericheX/Y`	图像细化、边缘增强、骨架提取
🔹 线检测 (Fast Line Detector)	`cv::ximgproc::createFastLineDetector()`	基于 LSD 的快速线段检测器
🔹 结构化森林深度学习边缘检测	`cv::ximgproc::StructuredEdgeDetection`	用预训练模型（`.yml.gz`）预测边缘概率图
🔹 立体匹配增强	`cv::ximgproc::createRightMatcher`, `cv::ximgproc::createDisparityWLSFilterGeneric()`	用于 StereoBM/SGBM 左右一致性优化与滤波
🔹 色彩映射 / 断层增强	`cv::ximgproc::colorMatchTemplate`, `cv::ximgproc::fastGlobalSmootherFilter`	匹配、平滑、边缘感知滤波

🔬 三、典型应用场景

场景	说明
🧱 立体视觉深度优化	`StereoSGBM` 输出噪点多，WLS 滤波后深度边缘清晰、噪声抑制显著
👁️ 视觉SLAM / 3D重建前处理	使用 guidedFilter 或 rollingGuidanceFilter 平滑纹理、保留结构
🧍 人体/目标分割	超像素 + 边缘检测提高 mask 精度
📸 相机 ISP 后处理	双边滤波 / 导向滤波用于图像降噪、HDR 融合、色彩平滑
🛰️ 遥感 / 工业检测	结构化边缘检测、线检测、轮廓增强用于特征提取

四、构建配置

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
    -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv-4.12.0-install \
    -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON \
    -D BUILD_opencv_java=OFF \
    -D BUILD_opencv_python3=ON \
    -D WITH_OPENMP=ON \
    -D WITH_GSTREAMER=ON \
    -D WITH_LIBV4L=ON \
    -D WITH_OPENGL=ON \
    -D WITH_TBB=ON \
    -D BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON \
    -D ENABLE_NEON=ON \
    -D WITH_FFMPEG=ON \
    -D WITH_JPEG=ON \
    -D WITH_PNG=ON \
    -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/topeet/work/opencv_compile/opencv_contrib/modules \
    -D BUILD_opencv_ximgproc=ON \
    -D OPENCV_DOWNLOAD_DATA=OFF \
    -D BUILD_opencv_xfeatures2d=OFF \
    -D BUILD_opencv_face=OFF \
    -D BUILD_opencv_wechat_qrcode=OFF \
    ..

可以关闭掉需要下载的模型

模块	功能	是否下载模型	是否可关
ximgproc	WLS滤波/导向滤波/超像素	否	保留
face	人脸对齐	✅ 会下载 `.dat`	可关
xfeatures2d	SIFT/SURF/VGG	✅ 会下载 `.i`	可关
wechat_qrcode	微信二维码检测	✅ 会下载 `.caffemodel`	可关

⚙️ 五、C++ 接口示例

✅ 1. 使用 WLS 滤波器优化 StereoSGBM 结果

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/ximgproc/disparity_filter.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace cv::ximgproc;

int main() {
    Mat left  = imread("left.png", IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);
    Mat right = imread("right.png", IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);

    Ptr<StereoSGBM> sgbm = StereoSGBM::create(0, 160, 5);
    Mat dispL, dispR;
    sgbm->compute(left, right, dispL);

    Ptr<StereoMatcher> right_matcher = createRightMatcher(sgbm);
    right_matcher->compute(right, left, dispR);

    Ptr<DisparityWLSFilter> wls = createDisparityWLSFilter(sgbm);
    wls->setLambda(8000.0);
    wls->setSigmaColor(1.2);

    Mat filtered_disp;
    wls->filter(dispL, left, filtered_disp, dispR);
    Mat filtered_8u;
    filtered_disp.convertTo(filtered_8u, CV_8U, 255 / (160. * 16.));

    imshow("WLS disparity", filtered_8u);
    waitKey();
    return 0;
}

✅ 2. 导向滤波 (Guided Filter)

#include <opencv2/ximgproc.hpp>

Mat src = imread("input.jpg");
Mat guide = src.clone();
Mat filtered;

cv::ximgproc::guidedFilter(guide, src, filtered, 8, 0.1);

🧱 五、CMake 配置

CMake 必须包含 ximgproc 模块：

find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED COMPONENTS core imgproc highgui calib3d ximgproc)
target_link_libraries(myapp PRIVATE ${OpenCV_LIBS})

🧩 六、常见版本与依赖关系

OpenCV 主版本	对应 contrib 分支	是否含 ximgproc	备注
4.5.x ~ 4.10.x	`opencv_contrib-4.x`	✅	推荐
3.x	`opencv_contrib-3.x`	✅	旧版本API略不同
5.x (未来)	仍在 `opencv_contrib`	✅	一般需要一起更新

⚠️ 七、常见问题

问题	原因	解决
`undefined reference to cv::ximgproc::...`	没链接 ximgproc	在 `find_package` 加 `ximgproc`
`No such file or directory`	没编译 contrib 模块	用 `-DOPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH` 重新编译
WLS 输出全黑/错位	右视差未计算或类型不对	`createRightMatcher` 必须匹配同一个 SGBM
OpenCV 找不到 ximgproc	未安装 pkgconfig 或 PATH 不正确	`export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig`

🎯 八、总结

优势	缺点
✔️ 边缘保留效果出色	❌ 默认未编译进主 OpenCV，需额外模块
✔️ 提供超像素、结构化边缘、WLS、导向滤波等强大功能	❌ 一些算法速度较慢（CPU实现）
✔️ 立体匹配后处理的标准方案（WLS）	❌ CUDA 版本仅部分支持

转载请注明出处，并标明原文链接。
本网站尊重知识产权，如有侵权，请及时联系我们删除。
本站所有原创内容仅用于学习和交流目的，未经作者和本站授权不得进行商业使用或盈利行为。

THE END